Viewing 1 - 10 of 39 results
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 4: An Introduction to Cell Structure and Host-Pathogen Relationships
- Description:
- This mammalian cell has been infected with pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes. These bacteria move throughout the cytosol by recruiting host cell actin which polymerizes and pushes them forward, producing a comet's tail in ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 5: Requirements for Infection
- Description:
- V. Cholera is a Gram-negative bacteria that produces a powerful exotoxin. Once in the host's intestine, the bacteria excrete the exotoxin into the surrounding environment. Each exotoxin molecule consists of two parts: an A ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 9: The Clinical Significance of Bacterial Anatomy
- Description:
- Many species of bacteria propel themselves through their environment by spinning helical motorized flagella. Rhodobacter cells have one flagellum each, whereas E. coli cells have multiple flagella that rotate in ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- Two DNA strands intertwine to form a double helix. Each strand has a backbone composed of phosphates and sugars to which the bases are attached. The bases form the core of the double helix, while the sugarÐphosphate backbones are ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- Replication begins when enzymes uncoil the double-stranded DNA molecule and separate the strands. These strands serve as templates for synthesizing new DNA molecules. The area where the strands separate is called the replication ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA in the first step of gene expression. It begins with a bundle of factors assembling at the start of a gene, that is, a linear sequence of DNA instructions, here shown ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- The genetic information encoded in a gene on a DNA molecule is copied into a single-stranded RNA molecule by the process of transcription. Transcription is carried out by an enzyme called RNA polymerase. In bacteria, RNA ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- To extend a growing polypeptide chain, the ribosome must select the correct amino acids that are specified by the messenger RNA. An aminoacyl-tRNA enters the free A site on the ribosome. If the anticodon of the charged tRNA does ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- Ribosomes translate RNA into amino acids. Typically, many ribosomes translate the mRNA simultaneously. Each ribosome begins at the 5' end of the mRNA and progresses steadily toward the 3' end. New ribosomes attach to the 5' end at ...
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- Chapter Name:
- Chapter 11: Microbial Genetics and Infectious Disease
- Description:
- In this electron micrograph, one bacterium has contacted another by a long protein tube known as a sex pilus. Such contact initiates a type of bacterial mating in which one bacterium—the donor with the sex pili—transfers DNA to a ...
Viewing 1 - 10 of 39 results
